Deg ddunit n yedrimen imecṭuḥen deg Lmerruk, Al Amana Microfinance tettban-d d yiwet n tneɣrit timezwart. Taggayt-a, ur d-yettmaggar ara adrim, tella-d deg 1997, yerna tewwi turagt-is deg 2000. Azal-is yeqqen s umyar n isiklen i d-tettak i yimecṭuḥen n tmetti, imahal imecṭuḥen, tilawin, ilmeẓyen, d imezdaɣ n tferka, akken ad ɛiwnen iman-nsen ad snulfun idrimen-nsen.
Aẓar d Umgarad n Taggayt
Al Amana Microfinance tettwasbedd d tamezgumt ur d-nettaɣara ahat, s uḍris n Usenfu n Wembir 1958 d yizen n 18-97 d 58-03 i yeqqnen s tmegra n udrim amecṭuḥ. Tettwasbedd s uẓayer deg 13 Fuṛar 1997, tuwi turagt-is seg Wezdaɣ n Yedrimen deg 31 Meɣres 2000.
Isbedd d Usenfu
Seg wass mi i d-tettwasbedd, Al Amana tessaweḍ ad tbedd ɣef iḍarren-is deg 2000, yerna tessaweḍ ad tbedd ɣef tedrimt-is deg 2002. Tettwasnawal sɣur Usqamu n Unazal i yettwassnen sɣur anemhal yettwaxtaṛen, yerna anemhal n umazal yettraǧǧu ɣef wayen akk yezger.
Amḍal d Yimsegden n Usikel
Al Amana tekkes tiṭ ɣef yimecṭuḥen n tmetti i ur nezmir ara ad awin isiklen seg yibanken imusnawen. Tettak azal i timiwa n tferka (53% n tigjditin-is), d timiwa n yigran (20%). Ula d tilawin (42% n yimegdayen-is) d ilmeẓyen s ddaw 35 iseggasen (22%) d aḥric deg yimegdayen-is imezwura. Tettak isiklen s waṭas n tɣawsiwin, ama s tegrawt (solidarity lending) neɣ s wemdan, yerna terna-yas timaqqarin ur d-neqqin s yedrimen, am uselmed d usenqed n uswaq.
Isurifen d Timaqqarin n Usikel
Al Amana tettak-d waṭas n isurifen n isiklen akken ad d-tessali aṭas n yimegdayen:
- Asikel n Tegrawt (Prêt Solidaire): Aseggas alamma d 50 000 MAD. Asellek yettili-d yal sin n wagguren neɣ yal aggur.
- Asikel n Wemdan i Tmehla (Prêt Individuel à l’Entreprise - PIE): Aseggas alamma d 50 000 MAD, i yimedyazen n tmahalin timecṭuḥin.
- Asikel n Wemdan i Uxxam (Prêt Individuel au Logement - PIL): Aseggas alamma d 50 000 MAD, i tnaɣt neɣ i usinzel n uxxam.
- Isiklen n Idmaj (Youth Loan): Seg 1 000 MAD alamma d 50 000 MAD, i yimegdayen gar 18 d 35 iseggasen.
- Tamwil Moumtaz/Tanmiya/Tamwil Milkia/Oto: Isiklen seg 10 000 MAD alamma d 150 000 MAD i tmahalin timecṭuḥin (TPEs), tigrawin, d usikel n tmeɣra. Tigawin n usellek seg 6 wagguren alamma d 8 iseggasen.
Aseggas n Usikel
- Amecṭuḥ: 1 000 MAD (i yisiklen n ilmeẓyen).
- Ameqqran: 150 000 MAD (i tmahalin timecṭuḥin, asikel n uxxam, asikel n tmeɣra).
Ifarisen d Tigawin n Usellek
Ifarisen n usikel i d-tettak Al Amana, ur d-ttbanen ara s wudem aɣelnaw deg isalen n internet. Maca, imegdayen yettunefken isalen ɣef "afarisen n usenfar" i d-yekkan seg wayen i d-tettawɛawen tneɣrit akken ad ttekki deg isurifen-is. Ifarisen-a n yal aseggas (APR) zemren ad tili gar 14% d 18% (isniten-a ur d-ttbanen ara s wudem unṣib). Tigawin n usellek mgaradent seg 1 n waggur alamma d 8 iseggasen, s usellek n yal aggur neɣ yal sin wagguren, yerna llan yisurifen n usellek s wudem n temɣart i kra n isurifen.
Ifarisen d Uɣawas
Ifarisen n usbedd neɣ n usmures n usikel: Ifarisen-a mgaradent s usikel, yerna zemren ad ilin gar 1% d 2% seg useggas n usikel (isniten-a ur d-ttbanen ara s wudem unṣib). Ma yella yuɣal wemdan ur yezmir ara ad isellek deg waguren-is, llan yifarisen n umeɣɣar n usellek, maca isniten-nsen ur d-ttbanen ara s wudem unṣib.
Aɣawas n usikel: I yisiklen n tegrawt, aɣawas yettili-d s tagrawt gar yimegdayen. I yisiklen n wemdan, aɣawas yettili-d s yiman n wemdan neɣ s wayen yettwaɣen am tmeɣra i yisiklen imeqqranen n tmehla.
Amtawa n Usmures d Tiwuriwin n Usghil
Iberdan n Usmures
Al Amana tesɛa aṭas n iberdan i usmures n usikel:
- S Udmess: 647 n tigjditin deg Lmerruk, gar-asent 87 n tigjditin imuɣiyen i yezgeren timiwa yewɛaren.
- S Usghil Aḍeṭṭan: Tesɛa tasna n internet, alamana.org.ma, i d-yettakken isalen ɣef isiklen. Ula d Rifso, d tasnakt n FinTech i usikel aḍeṭṭan n tmahalin timecṭuḥin (TPE) alamma d 150 000 MAD deg 24 n tsaɛtin, seg 2019.
- Tasnakt n Usghil (Mobile App): Llant kra n temyeggitin, maca tasnakt n usghil n Al Amana ur d-tella ara s wudem aɣelnaw i yal amdan.
Tasnat n Usghil d Usenfu n Internet
Al Amana tesɛa tasna n internet alamana.org.ma i d-yettakken isalen ɣef isurifen-is, d unsa n usikel. Ula d tasnakt n FinTech Rifso, tesɛa azal meqqren i usikel aḍeṭṭan n tmahalin timecṭuḥin (TPE). Deg wayen yeqqnen s tasnakt n usghil (mobile app) i iOS d Android, ur d-tella ara s wudem aɣelnaw, yerna ur lliɣ ara isalen ɣef umezruy n yimsegden.
Amtawa n usmures: Yettwaɣ d takarḍa n tmagit, adlis n usken n wemkan n tɣemma, d usenfu n tmehla i PIE/TPE. I yisiklen n tegrawt, yettwaɣ ad yettwasenfu yal amdan deg tegrawt.
Asekted n usikel: Al Amana tettafeg tiṭ ɣef wayen i d-yekkan seg yedrimen n wemdan, s usenqed n yimegdayen deg tegrarin d usenqed n tegrawt.
Afrag n usikel: Asikel yettwaɣ d adrim deg tneɣrit neɣ deg tegjdit imuɣiyen. Ula d afrag s usilef n bank ɣer ukkaṛ n wemdan sɣur Attijariwafa Bank. Isurifen n yedrimen n usghil (Mobile Money) llan deg usenfar amezwaru.
Aḍris n Usenfu d Umgarad deg Uswaq
Asenfu d Usgugen
Al Amana Microfinance tettwasnawal sɣur Wezdaɣ n Yedrimen n Lmerruk d Bank-Al-Maghrib s ddaw n yizen n udrim amecṭuḥ (Izen 18-97). Tesɛa ISO 9001:2015, yerna tettwasenfu s SMART Campaign seg Yennayer 2017. Tettak azal i yiskanen n usenfu n udrim amecṭuḥ d usenfu n umyar n teqqaɛt.
Aḍris deg Uswaq d Yimtewwalen
Al Amana tettban-d d tanekda tamecṭuḥt n udrim tis snat deg Lmerruk s wayen tesɛa (33% n uswaq deg taggara n 2023). Tettwaɣra s usenfar-is n umyar n tmetti, s umezruy-is deg timiwa n tferka d tigjditin imuɣiyen, d isurifen-is yemgaraden i tmahalin timecṭuḥin d ilmeẓyen. Imtewwalen-is imezwura deg Lmerruk d Fondation Banque Populaire, Al Kawthar Microfinance, d Zakoura Microfinance.
Tettkemmil Al Amana deg usenfar-is n usenfu d usnulfu. Deg 2024, tewwi-d asikel n 20 imelyunen n Euro seg EBRD i yisiklen n ilmeẓyen deg timiwa i yettwagmen s uzenzar n wakal. Tettkemmil ula deg usenfar-is n usnulfu aḍeṭṭan s temyeggitin FinTech.
Isalen i Yimsekliyen Imsewliyen
Ma yella tewwiḍ ad tawiḍ asikel seg Al Amana Microfinance, atan kra n isalen ara k-yedɛiwnen:
- Azenqed n Isurifen: Zneḍ s wazal ameqqran isurifen n isiklen i d-tettak Al Amana akken ad tafeḍ win i k-yelhan, ama d asikel n tegrawt, n tmehla, n uxxam, neɣ n ilmeẓyen.
- Ifarisen d Tigawin: Steqsi ɣef yifarisen n usikel d tigawin n usellek s wudem unṣib. Ɣas ma llan kra n isalen ur d-ttbanen ara deg internet, Al Amana yettwaɣ ad ak-d-tini ayen akk yeqqnen s usikel akken ad tẓreḍ ayen i tewwiḍ ad tesselkeḍ.
- Amtawa n Usmures: Azenqeḍ d usnulfu n imyura yettwaɣen s wudem ilhan, am takarḍa n tmagit, adlis n usken n wemkan n tɣemma, d usenfu n tmehla ma yella d asikel i tmehla.
- Tasnat n Usghil: Ma yella d asikel i tmehla tamecṭuḥt (TPE), zemreḍ ad tesseqdceḍ Rifso i usikel aḍeṭṭan. Maca, ma yella d tasnakt n usghil n Al Amana i yal amdan, ur d-tella ara s wudem aɣelnaw.
- Timawin n Yimegdayen: Deg isalen i d-yettbanen, imegdayen ttafen amecṭuḥ n usikel d umyar n usellek. Llant kra n temyeggitin ɣef wakud n usmures d tmuɣli n imyura, maca tamusni n yimegdayen tella-d d tin yelhan s umata.
- Sseqsi ɣef Yiɣawasen: I yisiklen n tegrawt, fehmed iɣawasen n tegrawt. I yisiklen n wemdan, sseqsi ɣef wayen yettwaɣen d aɣawas.
- Taseqqamut n Yimegdayen: Al Amana tesɛa taɣult n uselmed i yimegdayen akken ad rren agemmuḍ i yiseqsiyen-nsen, yerna zemreḍ ad tesseqdceḍ taɣult-a i yal aseqsi.
S umata, Al Amana Microfinance tella-d d yiwet n tneɣrit i d-yettaken afus n tallalt i waṭas n yimegdayen deg Lmerruk, s waṭas n isurifen d tigjditin i yezgeren timiwa yemgaraden. Tettak azal i umyar n tmetti, yerna tewwi-d aṭas n turagin. S usenqed amusnaw d usmures n isalen-a, zemreḍ ad tafeḍ asikel i k-yelhan akken ad tessebɣer tmehla-k neɣ ad tesseɣliḍ iswi-k.
